1.
Effects Of Supplementation Of Zinc Sulphate And Lactobacillus Based Probiotic On Oxidative Status And Liver Health In Broilers
by Wishah Bilal (2015-VA-04) | Dr. Sajid Khan Tahir | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Sanaullah Iqbal.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Zinc is considered as one of the essential nutrients as well as a dietary supplement required for animal metabolism. Use of probiotics enhances mucosal immunity of intestine i.e. it prevents the mucosa against the toxins formed by pathogenic microorganisms. Combined effect of zinc and probiotics may show a better response than their single effect on the oxidative status, biochemical profile and thyroid hormones in broilers. Our research was aimed to determine the single as well as combined effects of zinc and probiotic on oxidative status, liver enzymes, serum glucose, total serum proteins, thyroid hormones, urea, uric acid and creatinine levels in broilers.
A total of 192 day old broiler chicks were randomly selected and divided into six groups: Control, Zn30 (30mg Zn/ kg diet), Zn60 (60mg Zn/ kg diet), Pro (0.1g/ kg Protexin®), Com30 (30mg Zn/ kg diet + 0.1g/ kg Protexin®) and Com60 (60mg Zn/ kg diet + 0.1g/ kg Protexin®). Birds were raised under standard management conditions and were given free access to feed and water for a period of 42 days. For biochemical analysis, blood was collected in falcon tubes after slaughtering. For serum separation, blood was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 min and stored at ˗20˚C. The parameters that were studied included: serum catalase, MDA, glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, ALT, AST, T3, T4, urea, uric acid and creatinine. Data was analyzed by applying one-way ANOVA using SPSS. Group differences were compared by Duncan Multiple Range Test and were considered significant at P<0.05.
According to our study catalase activity was found significantly lower (P<0.05) and MDA level was found significantly higher (P<0.05) in the control group as compared to the supplemented groups. The birds fed with a combination of zinc (60 mg/kg) and protexin showed highest (P<0.05) catalase activity and lowest (P<0.05) MDA level in comparison to other supplemented groups. A significant increase (P<0.05) in serum proteins was obseved with all the supplementations in comparison to the control group. Only the combination of zinc (30 mg/kg) and protexin did not show the expected result. In our research we found that protexin significantly increased (P<0.05) serum T3 level as compared to other supplemented groups while zinc (30 mg/kg) showed significantly lower (P<0.05) serum T3 level than the control group. On the other hand, serum T4 concentration significantly increased (P<0.05) with both zinc (60 mg/kg diet) and its combination with protexin. Our research depicted that combination of zinc (60mg/kg diet) and protexin significantly increased (P<0.05) urea while both the combinations showed significantly increased (P<0.05) uric acid and (P<0.05) decreased creatinine concentrations in serum. There was no significant (P<0.05) change in serum glucose, ALT and AST concentrations in birds given zinc and probiotic supplementations.
It can be concluded that protexin and zinc supplementations are beneficial in improving biochemical parameters of broilers, yet their synergistic effects need to be studied further.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2802-T] (1).
2.
Effects Of Zinc And Protexin Co-Supplementation On Redox Status And Thyroid Hormonal Profile In Heat Stressed Broilers
by Ayesha Siddiqa (2015-VA-442) | Dr. Sajid Khan Tahir | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Ms. Amina Chughtai.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Zinc is an essential trace mineral crucial to growth, enzyme systems, immunity, reproduction and antioxidant defense system as a co-factor to Superoxide Dismutase enzyme. Probiotics are well known for improving digestion and utilization of nutrients and minerals by producing digestive enzymes and volatile fatty acids and alleviating heat stress through stabilization of normal microflora disrupted under heat stress. Our study investigated the individual as well as synergistic effects of Zinc and Protexin, on redox status, thyroid hormones and liver enzymes in broilers reared under cyclic heat stress as no literature was documented so far on the given subject as far as our discretion goes.
Our experimental trial included 224 d-old broilers randomly segregated into seven groups of eight replicates each. Group A (TN control) was fed basal diet (BD) only, Group B (HS) was given BD and exposed to 35 ± 1.1°C; 75 ± 5% RH heat stress whereas the remaining groups C, D, E, F and G were given diets supplemented with 30mg ZnSO4/kg BD, 60mg ZnSO4/kg BD, 0.1g Protexin®/kg BD, 30mg/Kg feed ZnSO4 + 0.1g/Kg feed Protexin®, 60mg/Kg feed ZnSO4 + 0.1g/Kg feed Protexin® respectively along with 8 hourly cyclic heat stress (35 ± 1.1°C; 75 ± 5% RH). Two birds per replicate were slaughtered at the end of trial to collect whole blood, serum, pectoralis muscle and liver tissue for biochemical analyses.
Results showed that heat stress caused significant (p<0.05) elevation in whole blood, serum, muscle and liver MDA levels in heat stress (HS) group. Serum AST, ALT, Glucose, Urea and Uric acid were also significantly (p<0.05) raised in the HS group. Catalase activity was significantly (p<0.05) increased in whole blood, serum and liver of birds belonging to HS group and in pectoralis muscle of birds in Com60 group. Moreover, serum T3 was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the HS group. All dietary supplementations significantly (p<0.05) reduced MDA levels (whole blood, serum, muscle and tissue), serum AST and ALT and significantly (p<0.05) increased serum T3 concentration. Broilers supplemented with combination of ZnSO4 (30mg/kg diet) and Protexin (0.1g/kg diet) exhibited lowest MDA, AST, ALT, Urea, Uric acid and Glucose concentrations compared to other diets. No significant changes were observed in serum T4 and Creatinine concentrations.
Based on our findings, it can be concluded that dietary supplementation of Zinc or Protexin either alone or specifically combined can effectively attenuate adverse effects of heat stress and can be safely incorporated as a novel supplement in broilers’ feed to reduce lipid per oxidation however further studies are recommended in order to elucidate and confirm our results.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2841-T] (1).
3.
In-Vitro Effect Of Chromium Chloride On The Electrophysiological Indices Of Jejunum In Broilers.
by Maria Khalid Majeed (2014-VA-961) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Sajid Khan Tahir | Dr. Wasim Shehzad.
Material type: Publisher: 2017Dissertation note:
Chromium is a well-known component of glucose tolerance factor, which participates in glucose metabolism by enhancing the effects of insulin. The Ussing chamber is a very powerful technique to study ion transport across tissues. This study is to determine the effect of chromium chloride hexahydrate on electrophysiology of jejunum and its interaction with glucose transport.
According the background we concluded the hypothesis i-e Chromium chloride may enhance the glucose transport in jejunum mucosa of the broilers. To approach this hypothesis, we performed an experiment into different groups. In overall experiment, we take Twelve broilers of 35 days of age was procured from local farm. After a week, birds were slaughtered; jejunum section of the birds were isolated then stripped off serosal layer. Each segment of the intestine was mounted and labelled on ussing chamber separately with groups viz, Group1 (0μM, control), Group2 (5μM CrCl3), Group3 (10μM CrCl3). After baseline, add CrCl3 to the mucosal side of UC and note the reaction. Then Add glucose after incubation period. The peak response obtained within 2-3 mins. Then the change in Isc (ΔIsc) was calculated approximately after addition of CrCl3 and glucose. The PD, Isc, and Gt were measured by voltage/current clamp. The data was analysed using one-way ANOVA and was presented as mean±SEM. Group differences were compared by Duncan multiple range Test (P<0.05). The current study showed that there are no significant differences shown in initial short circuit current and ▲Isc and tissue conductance before and after adding the chemicals. In conclusion, it is hoped that results presented in the current research would open avenues for further discussion and more concerted investigations into each of the area covered. More specifically, there are no previous research reports on the in vitro effect of chromium chloride hexahydrate in poultry. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2869-T] (1).
